Both urologists and nephrologists are specialists in treating kidney-related conditions, and these specialties often overlap. Some people may need to see both types of specialists for the same condition. However, there are differences between the specialties.
What Is a Urologist For?
A urologist is a physician who specializes in treating anatomical or structural problems of the urinary tract and its related organs, including:
- Bladder
- Kidneys
- Urethra
- Ureters
- Adrenal glands
- Prostate
- Penis
- Testes
- Seminal vesicles
- Vas deferens
- Epididymis
Urology is also a surgical specialty, while nephrology is not. Urologists often treat conditions such as:
- Urinary tract infection (UTI)
- Bladder problems
- Kidney stones
- Ureter conditions
- Anatomical kidney defects
- Conditions affecting the male reproductive organs
- Adrenal problems
What Is Nephrology, and What Does a Nephrologist Treat?
A nephrologist is a type of internal medicine doctor who specializes in diagnosing and managing diseases that affect kidney function, such as diabetes, autoimmune disease, hypertension (high blood pressure), and electrolyte disturbances.
People see a nephrologist for:
- Acute kidney failure
- Chronic kidney disease (CKD)
- Kidney stones
- Protein or blood in the urine
- High blood pressure (hypertension)
- Electrolyte imbalances, such as low or high sodium, potassium, calcium
- Dialysis treatment
- Chronic urinary tract infections (UTIs)
- A urologist may also treat this condition
- Vascular access management
- Transplant care
From 
Healthy Resources
https://reverehealth.com/live-better/nephrology-vs-urology-whats-difference/